Characteristics of Effective School Criteria
Rancakmedia.com – Everyone, regardless of educational background, has responsibilities that must be fulfilled when it comes to school. Here are the criteria for an effective school that you need to know. Come on, see the following explanation!
School is an ideal place to obtain appropriate education. Apart from functioning as a forum for academic education, the school also functions as a center for the development of interpersonal skills and a means of fostering school spirit among students.
Then, what is the purpose of establishing the school? What must be done to become a successful school for the community?
Effective School Goals
In reality, every school, from elementary to junior high, has a unique purpose. However, when viewed from a broad perspective, schools have the following objectives:
Forming Students who Believe in God
The ideal basis of education is Pancasila. For this reason, this school was founded, in line with the first principle of Pancasila, which says that students must be taught to have faith and fear God Almighty.
Teaching Students to Have Noble Morals and Noble Characters
The school also aspires to produce graduates or people with noble character.
Forming Learners Who Have Science, Technology, and Art
History, literature, mathematics, art, languages and physical education are just a few of the subjects taught in schools. The main goal of education is to help students achieve this goal.
Forming Students Who Have Life Skills to Live in Society
Students will learn life skills in school that will be useful to them at work and in society as a whole. Students are social beings who cannot do well alone.
Providing Expertise according to the Department so that you can compete in the world of work
The lessons offered at the school will be modified according to the talents and majors of the students. These abilities may ultimately be valuable as students reach maturity and enter the workforce.
Developing Student Talents
Schools also want to help students discover and develop their own special skills by providing them with a place where they can do so.
Not only developing abilities, students can also discover new talents.
Forming Socialization
Basically, students who are also social beings always need help from others to live. Therefore, the main aim of the school is to help students develop good social skills. Students are socialized at school through group projects, group debates, and comparative studies.
Forming Personal Students who are Independent and Creative
Self-assignment is a common technique for schools to give students some control in the classroom. As a result of this independent assignment, students will subconsciously develop a personality that allows them to work on their own projects and find their own solutions.
Types of Effective Schools
The types of schools include the following:
National School
National schools are educational institutions established by the government in order to educate the nation's children. Accreditation or eligibility evaluation of a school is commonplace in national schools.
The accreditation system is regulated by the Ministry of Education and Culture (Kemendikbud) with various criteria such as curriculum, facilities, school administration, and alumni competencies.
So, the curriculum used in national schools is based on the national curriculum criteria set by the Ministry of Education and Culture.
International School
In international schools, the curriculum used is a certified international curriculum. For example, the International Baccalaureate Organization and the Cambridge International Examination.
English will be the main language of instruction in such schools. In addition, the facilities at foreign schools will be more complete and complex.
Many educators who educate are graduates from abroad or even brought in from outside directly, so there will be cultural diversity in the learning process.
National Plus Effective School
In 2000, there was a body called the Association of National Plus Schools (ANPS), which created the national plus school curriculum.
In this kind of school, the basic curriculum still follows the curriculum provided by the Ministry of Education and Culture with some changes. For example, there are other foreign language topics besides English, including Mandarin.
National plus school facilities and infrastructure are considered superior to national schools. Therefore, the cost of this kind of school is more expensive than national schools in general.
Nature's Effective School
Lendo Novo started this natural school because most people could no longer afford to go to school due to the high cost.
The idea behind this kind of school is to let children learn through direct contact with nature. In certain cases, it is better to study in a public place. Teaching in this nature school focuses more on hands-on experience, such as farming and raising animals.
Homeschooling
Students in this homeschooling learn to stay under the control of their parents. The reason parents send their children to homeschooling is because they have difficulty with the curriculum and educator competence to teach.
Homeschooling is a type of education where students are taught in their own homes by teachers who come to the house and follow a predetermined curriculum.
Madrasah Effective School
In fact, madrasas are the same as school levels in general, namely Elementary School (SD), Junior High School (SMP), and High School (SMA) (SMA). However, the difference is the naming of the level and the organization that organizes it.
Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MI), Madrasah Tsawaniyah (MTs), and Madrasah Aliyah (MA) are three levels of madrasah schools in the Islamic world today (MA).
Madrasas are under the auspices of the Ministry of Religion (MoRA) and provide a greater focus on Islamic religious studies.
Effective School Management
As an educational institution, schools cannot exist in a vacuum. It must be bound by the norms, values, and traditions of society. According to the Consortium for Educational Reform, there are five types of capital that must be managed by schools as educational institutions for educational purposes.
Integrative Capital
Each of these five modals can be used with the other four to help students achieve their educational goals over time.
Human Capital
Human capital is a person's educational and career potential, as well as the skills and knowledge they already possess.
Financial Capital
The financial budget needed to carry out the educational process and achieve its goals is referred to as “financial capital”.
Social Capital
Shared values and habits that make a school or educational institution a place of learning are referred to as "social capital".
Political Capital (Political Capital)
The basis of the legal power that is owned to carry out the educational process is political capital.
Areas in Which Schools Must Manage Effectively
School administration includes a variety of responsibilities, including the following:
- Curriculum field
- Student field
- Personnel sector (includes educational staff and administrative personnel)
- Facilities field
- infrastructure sector
- The field of public relations
Effective School Concept
Schools that are well managed can be effective schools. School efficacy consists of school administration and leadership; instructor; education staff; staff; student; curriculum; infrastructure; classroom management; school ties with the community; and others.
If this management can be carried out effectively, it will not only be able to fulfill the school's goals but also be firmly bound to the components of the school's quality system.
According to Allan A. Glatthron, successful schools are schools that have many qualities such as organizational leadership, curriculum leadership, leaders as supervisors, and management.
School quality can be measured in many ways, including final exam scores, school academics, creative achievement, and more.
Even the quality of graduates also affects their efficacy, especially at the planning, implementation, and assessment stages.
So, a successful school is a school that is able to maximize all of its resources and methods to produce educational output (student achievement), which is measured by learning competence.
Characteristics of an Effective School
The following are the qualities of a successful school, according to David A. Squires.
- There are disciplinary standards that apply to school principals
- Have routine activities in class
- Have high school achievement standards
- Students are expected to be able to achieve the learning objectives that have been planned
- Students are expected to be able to graduate by mastering academic knowledge
- There are awards for outstanding students
- Students have a belief that hard work is more important than
- good luck in trying to achieve success
- Students have a big responsibility
- The principal has a monitoring and supervision program for the success of academic achievement
Meanwhile, according to Jaap Scheerens (1992), effective schools have the following effective characteristics:
- There is strong leadership
- Emphasis on achieving basic abilities
- Comfortable school environment
- High expectations on student achievement
- Routine assessment of student programs
- Schools as educational institutions generally have the main mission of educating students so they can continue their education to a higher level, increasing students' knowledge, and teaching reciprocal relations with the community.
Someone who carries out the role and is responsible for the administration of the school is a principle that has strong leadership. This is in order to deploy quality human resources. Remembering that leadership is an essential part of the school system to fulfill its goals.
Conclusion
The ideal basis of education is Pancasila, which says that students must be taught to believe in and respect God. A school aspires to produce graduates or people with noble character.
National schools are educational institutions established by the government in order to educate the nation's children. In international schools, the curriculum used is a certified international curriculum.
A successful school is one that is able to maximize all of its resources to produce educational output (student achievement), which is measured by learning competence.
