Getting to Know the Aircraft Turbine and Here's How It Works

Getting to Know the Aircraft Turbine and Here's How It Works - The joint team successfully evacuated the turbine of the Sriwijaya Air SJ182 aircraft. What and how is the function of this one part of the plane?

To propel an airplane, inside there is an engine to move the plane in front with great power. This power is created by thrust with great pressure to cause the plane to fly quickly.

Released from NASA's Glenn Research Center, Tuesday (12/1/2021) all aircraft have turbine engines with the same concept of work. First, the engine sucks air in front with a fan.

Then the compressor increases the air pressure. Compressors are made with a number of blades mounted on a pole. The blades rotate at high speed and compress or squeeze the air.

The compressed air is then sprayed with fuel and an electric spark ignites the mixture. The burning gas expands and explodes through a nozzle, at the rear of the engine.

When the jet of gas skyrocketed backwards, the engine and plane were pushed forward. When hot air enters the nozzle, it will pass through another row of blades called a turbine. The turbine is attached to poles similar to the compressor. Rotating the turbine causes the compressor to rotate.

Air through the engine core and around the core. This causes some of the air to get really hot and some to get colder. The cooler air then combines with the hot air at the engine exhaust.

Gas turbine engines have come a long way since 1903. This was the first year gas turbines produced enough power to keep them running. The shape was worked on by the Norwegian inventor Aegidus Elling and produced 11 horsepower, which was considered a major feat at the time.

Today, gas turbine engines come in a variety and sizes and most of them produce more than 11 horsepower.

Four special types of turbine engines are divided into:

• Turbojet Engine

The basic idea of a turbojet engine is simple. The air drawn from the opening at the front of the engine is compressed to 3 to 12 times its original pressure in the compressor. Fuel is added to the air and burned in the combustion chamber to raise the temperature of the fluid mixture to about 593°C to 704°C.

The resulting hot air is passed through a turbine, which drives a compressor. If the turbine and compressor were efficient, the pressure at the outlet of the turbine would be almost double atmospheric pressure, and this excess pressure was sent to the nozzle to produce a high-velocity gas stream that produces thrust.

The Sriwijaya Air plane that crashed was a jet plane. So, he also has a turbine engine for turbojets.

• Turboprop engine

A turboprop engine is a turbine engine mounted on a propeller plane. The turbine behind is driven by hot gases, and this rotates a shaft that drives a propeller. Some small aircraft and transport aircraft are powered by turboprops.

Like a turbojet, a turboprop engine consists of a compressor, combustion chamber and turbine, air and gas pressure is used to drive the turbine, which then generates power to drive the compressor.

• Turbofan Engine

Turbofan engines have a large fan at the front, which sucks in air. Most of the air flows around the outside of the engine, making it quieter and providing more thrust at low speeds. Most of today's aircraft are powered by turbofans.

In a turbojet all air entering the intake passes through a gas generator, which consists of a compressor, combustion chamber and turbine. In a turbofan engine only part of the air enters the combustion chamber.

• Turboshaft engine

This is another form of gas turbine engine that operates like a turboprop system. It doesn't drive the propeller. Instead, it provides power for the helicopter's rotors. The turboshaft engine is designed so that the speed of the helicopter rotor is independent of the rotating speed of the gas generator.

This allows the rotor speed to remain constant even when the generator speed is varied to modulate the amount of power produced.

Source : detik.com