List of Parts of the Human Brain and Their Functions
Rancakmedia.com – The following is an explanation of the parts of the human brain and its functions that you must know. The brain is one of the main human organs that has a very crucial job.
Because the brain controls every aspect of your body. For example, when you lift weights, your brain will instruct the muscle nerves to move your hands. When it's time to eat, the brain sends signals to the tongue and stomach to make something move.
The brain is also an organ that has the most complex tissue cells in the human body. Interested in learning more about different brain functions and what you do? Check out the following description.
Parts of the Human Brain
The time it takes for the brain to digest new information and then produce output is very short. The study of the brain continues to this day. All of this points to the complexity of the human brain.
Many areas of the brain perform various functions and are connected to each other by means of neural pathways. The following is a complete explanation of the anatomy of the brain that you should know.
Big Brain (Cerebrum)
The cerebrum, or cerebrum, is the largest part of the brain. The right and left hemispheres of the brain are also known as the right and left hemispheres. The crossing area of the body is magically controlled by the right and left brain.
The right brain controls the left side of the body while the left brain controls the right side of the body. Consequently, an injury to the left side of the brain affects the right side of the body, and the reverse is also true.
However, the overall function of the cerebrum includes much more. It's not just about managing the body. Considering that the cerebrum is the most important part, the job is much more difficult.
If you look at the picture of the brain and its parts, the first part that is visible on the cerebrum is the outside. The cerebral cortex is located outside the main part of the brain. The nervous system that regulates the brain is located in this area.
The nervous system of the brain consists of a collection of nerve cells connected to each other. This is the part that often comes to mind when imagining the shape of the brain.
The interhemispheric or longitudinal fissure connects the two halves of the brain.
Then, on the inside of the cerebrum there are nerve cells called myelin. This myelin acts as a bridge between the human brain and spinal cord. Each part of the cerebrum is further divided into several parts, mainly as follows.
Frontal Lobes
The frontal lobe is the largest of the four lobes and is located directly in front of or at the level of the ear.
An important part of the frontal lobe of the brain is responsible for regulating emotions, actions, movements, speech, and other aspects of personality and cognition.
This part of the brain also helps develop cognitive skills such as reasoning, motor coordination, making decisions, solving problems, and knowing the difference between good and evil.
Parietal Lobe
The frontal lobe includes the parietal lobe. Sensory information, such as pain, temperature and other sensations, is processed in the brain.
It should also be noted that the parietal lobe is a key player in processing signals received from other parts of the brain. Another role of the parietal lobe is to differentiate direction, shape, and size.
Temporal Lobe
The temporal lobes are located on the right and left sides of the brain, parallel to the ears. This area has functions for hearing and seeing, such as learning a new language and remembering the faces of people you meet.
Not only that, the temporal lobe also controls feelings and evaluates how other people react and feel.
Occipital Lobe
The most underdeveloped part of the brain is the occipital lobe. This section deals with vision and reading and identifies words and other things related to sight.
Little Brain (Cerebellum)
The cerebellum is also called the cerebellum. This section is located behind the occipital lobe. Just like the cerebrum, the cerebellum is also separated into two.
The cerebellum plays an important function in maintaining balance and coordinating movements in the body. Furthermore, it functions as a balancing function of the left and right brain.
Fine motor movements, such as painting, are also influenced by the cerebellum.
Brain Stem
On the other side of the cerebellum lies the brainstem. The brainstem is a connective tissue that has a vital purpose, namely to connect the cerebrum with the spinal cord.
The brain stem is divided into various segments with various functions. Here are some elements of the brain stem that you should know about.
Midbrain
The midbrain has the task of regulating vision and hearing. Consequently, the midbrain is responsible for processing aural and visual data.
Punch
The largest part of the brainstem is the pons. This is the connecting part of the brain found near the base of the midbrain.
Within the pons are cranial nerves that act to regulate movement and vision of the facial muscles. The pons is also in charge of sending information from the senses to other parts of the brain.
Medulla Oblongata
The lowest part of the human brain is the medulla oblongata. The heart and lung control center is located in this region. Respiratory functions such as sneezing and coughing are also regulated by the medulla oblongata.
Thalamus Part of the Human Brain
The thalamus is a part of the brain that plays an important role in consciousness, memory and sleep. To process information, messages are sent to the brain via the thalamus. Sends brain impulses to the nervous system for output.
epithalamus
The epithalamus is the bridge between the limbic nerves and other areas of the brain.
hypothalamus
The hypothalamus accounts for one-half of one percent of the midbrain. Submerged beneath the thalamus, the hypothalamus controls many of the body's major functions.
Among the many functions of the thalamus are regulating body temperature, hormone production, sleep cycles, hunger levels, emotions related to reproduction, and blood pressure.
Meninges Parts of the Human Brain
The brain is a very sensitive collection of tissue cells, therefore it needs a cover to protect it. Meninges are thin membranes that form the lining of the brain. Meninges protect the spinal cord as well as the brain.
Meninges are separated into three layers; the outermost layer is called the dura mater, which is thicker. The thinner middle layer is called the arachnoid. The innermost part of the membrane is called the pia mater.
Corpus Callosum
The cerebrum is separated into two parts, as previously stated. A corpus callosum connects the two halves of the brain.
The corpus callosum is the tissue in the brain that keeps the right and left sides of the brain in sync so they can operate together seamlessly.
Pituitary Gland
It is also referred to as the pituitary gland or master gland of the brain. The size and location of this gland is unknown, but it is believed to be in the front of the brain. In order for other glands to perform their functions, hormones are produced in this part of the body.
Hormones such as growth hormone, FSH, TSH, LH, prolactin, oxytocin, adrenocorticotropin, and antidiuretics are all made by the pituitary gland.
Pineal Gland
The location of the pineal gland is in the ventricles of the brain. Basically, larger studies are needed for the function of this gland. Production of the sleep-inducing hormone melatonin is one function that has been discovered.
Cranial Nerves Part of the Human Brain
There are a total of 12 pairs of cranial nerves, each of which serves a specific purpose in the neck and head. In the cerebrum, there is 1 pair. Then the rest is located in the brainstem.
Some of the functions of the cranial nerves include maintaining body balance; regulate the operation of organs of the body; regulate the senses of hearing and sight; controlling muscles; and move the facial muscles.
Limbic System
The brain has complete control over emotions such as fear and anger at this moment.
Ventricles Part of the Human Brain
The ventricles are the part of the brain that produces cerebrospinal fluid. In the brain, the four ventricles are located on either side of the cerebrum, behind it, and in the middle.
Each part of the ventricles is connected to each other by means of a tube that connects the ventricles to each other.
Cerebrospinal Fluid
The brain is protected not only by the meninges but also by the cerebrospinal fluid. This clear fluid not only protects the brain but is also found in the spinal cord.
This fluid also has another important job, which is to transfer nutrients from the blood to the brain. This fluid also cleans the rest of the brain's metabolism.
Facts About Parts of the Human Brain
The brain is the most sophisticated part of the human body. Since the brain is capable of processing millions of pieces of information in a matter of seconds, this makes no sense. Until now, no one has been able to match the extraordinary abilities of the brain.
When you watch a foreign film without subtitles, for example, you do this. Even if you can't understand a word of what's being said, the story is still clear.
Because the actors' facial expressions, intonation, and body language are all represented on the screen, the brain is better able to process information. Therefore, even if you don't understand the language, if you pay attention to the emotions of the cast, you can understand the plot of the film.
There are many other interesting facts about the human brain. Did you know that the brain only contributes 2% of the total human weight?
The brain, despite its small size, has the power to direct the actions of the organs of the body as a whole. The performance of other organs will definitely be affected if the brain is disturbed.
In addition, up to 86 billion nerve cells, or neurons as they are called, can also be found in the human brain. Interconnections between one neuron and other neurons are interconnected to form synapses which number in the trillions.
It can be seen that there are many parts of the brain and each part has a different function. If one part does not work, the overall performance of the brain will be disrupted.
Therefore, the brain must be maintained in order to function properly. Some things that can be done to maintain brain health are to do brain exercises and regulate the food and drink that enters the body.
Do not let what you eat and drink be fatal. Because when there is interference with the brain, gradually it will have a bigger impact on the body as a whole.
Conclusion
Therefore, we need a description of the parts of the brain and the function of each of these parts. By understanding more deeply about the brain, of course, it will make you realize that the brain is one of the organs in the body that must always be taken care of properly.